Clipper factory price for bulk is a component with transient voltage suppression function, which can be used to replace the combination of transient suppression diodes, zener diodes and capacitors. Clipper factory price for bulk can protect the circuits of IC and other devices from damage caused by electrostatic discharge, surges and other transient currents (such as lightning strikes, etc.). When used, simply connect clipper factory price for bulk in parallel to the IC or equipment circuit to be protected. When the voltage suddenly exceeds a certain value, the resistance of clipper factory price for bulk drops rapidly, allowing a large current to flow, thereby protecting the IC or electrical equipment; when the voltage is lower than the working voltage value of clipper factory price for bulk, the resistance of clipper factory price for bulk approaches open circuit, thus not affecting the normal operation of the device or electrical equipment.

It is generally used in surge and transient protection circuits for electrical systems. For the application of varistors, there are roughly four types.

One type is the connection between power lines or between power lines and the ground. As a clipper factory price for bulk, it is typically used in scenarios where power lines and long-distance transmission signal lines are struck by lightning, causing surge pulses in the wires, and it serves to protect electronic products in such situations. Generally, inserting the clipper factory price for bulk in-line can effectively counter the induced pulses between the wires, while inserting the voltage-sensitive resistor in-line with the ground is effective against the induced pulses between the transmission lines and the ground. If the two forms of connection between wires and between wires and ground are combined, it can have a better absorption effect on surge pulses.

The two types are connection in the load, which is mainly used to absorb the inductive pulses caused by the sudden opening and closing of inductive loads, in order to prevent the components from being damaged. Generally speaking, it can be simply connected in parallel to the inductive load, but depending on the type of current and the magnitude of energy, it can also be considered to be used in combination with the R-C series absorption circuit.

The third type is the connection between contacts. This connection is mainly to prevent the contact points of the inductive charge switch from being damaged by arcs. It is usually connected in parallel with the contact points and can be purchased at the factory price for bulk orders.

The fourth type is mainly used for the protection connection of semiconductor devices. This connection method is mainly applied to controllable silicon, high-power transistors and other semiconductor devices. Generally, it is implemented by paralleling with the protected device to limit the voltage to be lower than the withstand voltage level of the protected device. This is an effective protection measure for semiconductor devices.

The problems of zinc oxide varistors

The current varistors are divided into two mutually incompatible categories in terms of their formulations and performances:

High-voltage varistor

High-voltage type varistor has the advantage of high voltage gradient (100 - 250 V/mm) and good large current characteristics (V10kA/V1mA ≤ 1.4). However, it only has ideal protection capability for narrow pulse widths (2 ≤ ms) of overvoltage and surges, and has a relatively low energy density (50 - 300) J/cm3.

High-energy type varistor

High-energy type varistors have the advantage of having a relatively high energy density (300J/cm3 to 750J/cm3), strong ability to withstand long pulse width surges, but with a relatively low voltage gradient (20V/mm to 500V/mm), and poor large current characteristics (V10kA/V1mA > 2.0).

The performance differences between these two formulations have resulted in many operational dead zones. Vacuum switches have been widely used in 10kV voltage-level power transmission and distribution systems. Due to their fast operation speed and small arc, they can cause extremely high overvoltage and surge energy during operation. If a high-voltage type varistor (such as a lightning arrester) is used for protection, although it has a high voltage gradient and a lower cost, its energy capacity is small and it is prone to damage. If a high-energy type varistor is selected, although it has a large energy capacity and a longer lifespan, its voltage gradient is low and the cost is 5 to 13 times higher than that of the former.

In low and medium power frequency conversion power supplies, the object of overvoltage protection is the power semiconductor devices. It has strict requirements for the large current characteristics and energy capacity of the varistors, and it also needs to achieve the miniaturization of the components. High-energy varistors can meet the requirements in terms of energy capacity, but their large current performance is not ideal. The residual voltage of small-diameter components is relatively high, often failing to meet the voltage limiting requirements; high-voltage varistors have good large current characteristics and are easy to miniaturize, but their energy capacity is insufficient and cannot meet the energy absorption requirements. In this field, the application of varistors in low and medium power frequency conversion power supplies is almost completely absent.

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